Combination of IPA-3 or OTSSP167 and auranofin was highly synergistic in EGFR or KRAS mutant adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma cell lines and decreased tumor volume in mice models.
In addition, we briefly discuss the genetically engineered mouse models that have been developed to study KRAS-mutated adenocarcinomas in the pancreas.
In a tissue microarray of human gastric adenocarcinomas from 115 patients, high tumor levels of CD44 (a marker of CSCs) and KRAS activation were independent predictors of worse overall survival.
p65BTK was significantly over-expressed in EGFR-wild type (wt) adenocarcinomas (AdC) from non-smoker patients and its expression was also preserved at the metastatic site. p65BTK was also over-expressed in cell lines mutated for KRAS or for a component of the RAS/MAPK pathway and in tumors from Kras/Trp53 null mice.
In the adenocarcinomaKRAS-mutated group poor survival appeared to be linked to concomitant TP53 or STK11 mutations, and not to KRAS mutation as a single aberration.
We also found two cases where genetic conditions of KRAS gene differed between primary tumor and infiltrated lymph node, both "low-grade" adenocarcinoma.
A large scale proteome analysis of the gefitinib primary resistance overcome by KDAC inhibition in KRAS mutated adenocarcinoma cells overexpressing amphiregulin.
We have reported in a few adenomatoid odontogenic tumors mutations in KRAS, which is a proto-oncogene frequently mutated in cancer such as lung, pancreas, and colorectal adenocarcinomas.
MSS tumors with canonical KRAS mutations that lacked features diagnostic of endometrioid carcinoma (including squamous or mucinous differentiation), were re-reviewed for morphologic features of mesonephric-like adenocarcinomas.
These results pinpoint mTOR as a mechanism of resistance to chemotherapy in KRAS-mutant lung cancer and validate a rational and readily translatable strategy that combines mTOR inhibitors with standard chemotherapy to treat KRAS-mutant adenocarcinoma, the most common and deadliest lung cancer subset.
Multiple mutations were significantly associated with younger age (p = 0.0006), female sex (p = 0.012), smoking status (p = 0.002) and adenocarcinoma histology (p = 0.0001).TP53, KRAS and EGFR were the most common mutations.
Analysis of the KRAS gene showed only a G12C variation in one large cell carcinoma (LCC) patient, whereas variants were not found in adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cases.
Biopsy of the colon showed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma with Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog exon 2 mutation, and biopsy of the lung showed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma with epidermal rowth factor receptor exon 21 mutation.